1 00:00:00,240 --> 00:00:09,599 Summary of Sunni concepts 2 00:00:09,599 --> 00:00:13,599 Wherever God's law is, there is interest 3 00:00:13,599 --> 00:00:21,820 What God Almighty has legislated in His Book and on the tongue of His Messenger, may God bless him and grant him peace 4 00:00:21,820 --> 00:00:24,820 Of duties and desires 5 00:00:24,820 --> 00:00:28,820 And what is permissible, what is forbidden, and what is disliked 6 00:00:28,820 --> 00:00:35,850 His law, Glory be to Him, is for the benefit and good of man in this world and the hereafter 7 00:00:35,850 --> 00:00:40,850 Wherever God’s law is, there is interest 8 00:00:40,850 --> 00:00:45,060 Interests in the balance of Sharia 9 00:00:45,060 --> 00:00:50,149 There are three interests in the balance of Sharia 10 00:00:50,149 --> 00:00:54,149 Considered, canceled and sent 11 00:00:54,149 --> 00:00:59,579 Considered interests 12 00:00:59,579 --> 00:01:05,579 These are the interests that the Sharia has attested to accepting and considering with specific evidence 13 00:01:05,579 --> 00:01:08,579 He enacted a law to achieve it 14 00:01:08,579 --> 00:01:12,579 These are interests that cannot be reciprocated 15 00:01:12,579 --> 00:01:16,579 There is no dispute over the legality of adopting and implementing it 16 00:01:16,579 --> 00:01:18,620 And from that 17 00:01:18,620 --> 00:01:20,620 The interest of preserving souls 18 00:01:20,620 --> 00:01:23,620 For which the ruling of retaliation was prescribed 19 00:01:23,620 --> 00:01:26,620 And the Funds Conservation Department 20 00:01:26,620 --> 00:01:29,620 For which it is prescribed to cut off the hand of the thief 21 00:01:29,620 --> 00:01:31,620 And the interest of preserving minds 22 00:01:31,620 --> 00:01:34,620 For which the prohibition of alcohol was established 23 00:01:34,620 --> 00:01:38,620 And so on and so forth 24 00:01:38,620 --> 00:01:44,340 Interests canceled 25 00:01:44,340 --> 00:01:48,340 These are the interests that the Sharia has attested to be nullified and rejected 26 00:01:48,340 --> 00:01:50,340 It is so 27 00:01:50,340 --> 00:01:55,340 The interest of earning money through usury or gambling 28 00:01:55,340 --> 00:02:00,340 The Sharia invalidated it by prohibiting both usury and gambling 29 00:02:00,340 --> 00:02:05,340 As well as the imagined interest of preventing polygamy 30 00:02:05,340 --> 00:02:11,340 Because of the harm expected to occur from problems and jealousy between the woman and her co-wife 31 00:02:11,340 --> 00:02:15,340 The Sharia neglected this interest and did not consider it 32 00:02:15,340 --> 00:02:18,340 For a higher interest 33 00:02:18,340 --> 00:02:22,340 It increases progeny and enables chastity 34 00:02:22,340 --> 00:02:24,340 And fortifying oneself 35 00:02:24,340 --> 00:02:28,330 Sent interests 36 00:02:28,330 --> 00:02:34,900 These are interests for which there is no specific evidence in Sharia for considering or canceling them 37 00:02:34,900 --> 00:02:38,900 It was sent under consideration or cancellation 38 00:02:38,900 --> 00:02:43,900 But there is a suitable meaning in it for a ruling to be prescribed for it 39 00:02:43,900 --> 00:02:47,900 It also falls under the general principle of Sharia 40 00:02:47,900 --> 00:02:51,900 Taking into account interests and preventing harm 41 00:02:51,900 --> 00:02:53,900 Among its examples 42 00:02:53,900 --> 00:02:58,900 Collecting the Qur’an, writing collections, and codifying sciences 43 00:02:58,900 --> 00:03:03,900 Such as Arabic sciences, the principles of jurisprudence, and the term Hadith 44 00:03:03,900 --> 00:03:12,090 In addition to other interests that no reasonable person doubts are compatible with Sharia law 45 00:03:12,090 --> 00:03:19,889 One of the controls for adopting the transmitted interest 46 00:03:19,889 --> 00:03:25,889 This is not contradicted by legal evidence from text, consensus, or analogy 47 00:03:25,889 --> 00:03:30,889 Taking it should not be a loss of a higher interest 48 00:03:30,889 --> 00:03:36,710 The difference between the transmitted interest and heresy 49 00:03:36,710 --> 00:03:43,509 The transmitted interests are only in what is reasonable in meaning 50 00:03:43,509 --> 00:03:46,509 It has no entry into pure devotion 51 00:03:46,509 --> 00:03:51,509 Which is not required to have a particularly reasonable meaning 52 00:03:51,509 --> 00:03:58,509 Such as details of the mode of prayer, the number of rak’ahs of prayer, and specifying a specific time for fasting 53 00:03:58,509 --> 00:04:03,509 And standing in the feelings of Hajj and so on 54 00:04:03,509 --> 00:04:07,509 This is one of the most important differences between the sent interests 55 00:04:07,509 --> 00:04:13,509 The innovation that occurs in acts of worship that are based on pure devotion 56 00:04:13,509 --> 00:04:18,509 Or in beliefs, since they are firm constants 57 00:04:18,509 --> 00:04:23,470 Ruling on agreeing on a mursal interest 58 00:04:23,470 --> 00:04:29,620 If scholars or specialists agree on a mursal interest 59 00:04:29,620 --> 00:04:32,620 It is not permissible to act against it 60 00:04:32,620 --> 00:04:38,620 If consensus is not achieved, the official acts according to the opinion of the majority of scholars 61 00:04:38,620 --> 00:04:43,060 Overlapping interests and harms 62 00:04:43,060 --> 00:04:48,250 Pros and cons are often not clear 63 00:04:48,250 --> 00:04:52,250 Rather, it is mostly mixing or crowding between them 64 00:04:52,250 --> 00:04:57,250 Then the Muslim follows the general rules in this regard 65 00:04:57,250 --> 00:05:01,250 Preventing harm takes precedence over bringing benefit 66 00:05:01,250 --> 00:05:05,250 Providing the highest of the two interests over the lowest 67 00:05:05,250 --> 00:05:08,250 And committing the lesser of two evils 68 00:05:08,250 --> 00:05:12,050 Competing interests 69 00:05:12,050 --> 00:05:16,980 Giving priority to one of the two interests over the other when competing 70 00:05:16,980 --> 00:05:19,980 It shall be in accordance with the following controls 71 00:05:19,980 --> 00:05:27,040 Firstly, prioritizing the definite and verified interest over the suspected interest 72 00:05:27,040 --> 00:05:33,139 Secondly, the two interests are equal in the certainty of their achievement 73 00:05:33,139 --> 00:05:37,329 Putting the public interest ahead of the private 74 00:05:37,329 --> 00:05:43,329 Thirdly, the two interests are equal in achieving the occurrence and in the generality of the benefit 75 00:05:43,329 --> 00:05:48,329 The greater interest is prioritized over the smaller interest 76 00:05:48,329 --> 00:05:56,000 The objectives of legislation are derived from the texts of Sharia and are not governed by them 77 00:05:56,000 --> 00:06:05,860 The overall objectives of the legislation were known through examining the texts of the Sharia and its interpretive provisions 78 00:06:05,860 --> 00:06:13,860 And deducing purposes from them, the texts are the origin and the purposes are the branch deduced from them 79 00:06:13,860 --> 00:06:24,860 Accordingly, it is in no way possible for an interpretive legal text or ruling to conflict with a general purpose of the legislation 80 00:06:24,860 --> 00:06:32,860 This is the claim of the people of deviation and whims. When they were unable to confront the texts, they resorted to interpreting them 81 00:06:32,860 --> 00:06:37,860 According to their mistaken understanding of the general purposes of Islam 82 00:06:37,860 --> 00:06:44,860 They call this adopting the intentional understanding of Islam instead of the textual understanding 83 00:06:44,860 --> 00:06:50,990 An example of this is their saying that usury was forbidden because of injustice 84 00:06:50,990 --> 00:06:59,990 Any form of it that does not lead to injustice is legitimate. We seek refuge in God from deviation and misguidance